Your brain is shaped by "Junk" DNA


Transposons are mobile genetic elements that can insert themselves into the genome of a host cell. In the brain, transposons have been shown to contribute to the acquisition of cell type-specific cis-elements. Cis-elements are DNA sequences that bind to transcription factors and regulate gene expression.

One way that transposons contribute to the acquisition of cell type-specific cis-elements is by promoting DNA breaks. DNA breaks can lead to the activation of transposons, which can then insert themselves into the genome. This can create new cis-elements that are specific to the cell type in which the DNA break occurred.


Another way that transposons contribute to the acquisition of cell type-specific cis-elements is by providing a source of genetic diversity. Transposons can generate new genetic variants by changing their sequence or by inserting themselves into different parts of the genome. This genetic diversity can be used by the cell to generate new cis-elements that are specific to its needs.

The contribution of transposons to the acquisition of cell type-specific cis-elements is an important part of brain development. Transposons help to create the diversity of cell types in the brain and to fine-tune the expression of genes in each cell type. This diversity is essential for the brain to function properly.

Here are some additional details about the role of transposons in brain development:

  • Transposons are thought to have played a role in the evolution of the brain. For example, they may have been involved in the duplication of genes that are important for brain function.

  • Transposons can also contribute to the development of neurological disorders. For example, they have been linked to the development of autism and schizophrenia.

  • Researchers are still learning about the role of transposons in brain development and disease. However, it is clear that they play an important role in this complex process.

Transposons contribute to the acquisition of cell type-specific cis-elements in the brain

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-023-04989-7

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